Which vital sign measurement may indicate an abnormal metabolic state?

Temperature is a vital sign that can provide crucial information about a person's metabolic state. An abnormal temperature reading, such as fever (hyperthermia) or hypothermia, often indicates an ongoing metabolic process, such as infection, inflammation, or other body responses to stressors.

The body's metabolism is closely tied to its temperature regulation; for instance, an infection can cause the metabolic rate to increase, resulting in elevated body temperature. Conversely, a lower than normal body temperature can signify a slowed metabolic state, which may occur in certain conditions like hypothyroidism or in cases of significant external exposure, such as cold environments.

In contrast, heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate can also be indicators of different health conditions but are not as directly tied to metabolic processes as temperature is. Abnormalities in these vital signs may reflect a variety of issues, including cardiovascular or respiratory conditions, rather than providing a specific indication of metabolic state.